Browsing by Author "ABRAZI, Yamina"

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    Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of single and combined extracts of two medicinal plants of the genus atriplex halimus and suaeda mollis on streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats = Effets antidiabétiques et antioxydants des extraits seuls et combinés de deux plantes médicinales du genre atriplex halimus et suaeda mollis sur des rats rendus diabétiques par la streptozotocine
    (Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba, 2025-06-30) ABRAZI, Yamina
    Diabetes mellitus is a major global health concern characterized by hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, B and progressive damage to vital organs. Interest in halophytes as potential therapeutic agents has grown due to their richness in bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Atriplex halimus and Suaeda mollis extracts, individually and combined, in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The Fourier Transform Infrared Resonance analysis (FTIR) were used for the detection of functional groups present in the used extracts: aqueous and methanolic extracts of A. halimus (AEA, MEA), and of S. mollis (AES, MES). Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP, and TAC) were quantified using spectrophotometric methods. Experimental diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). Rats were divided into twelve groups (5 each), and treatment was administered orally for 15 days. This study assessed biochemical parameters: ASAT, ALAT, uric acid, creatinine, albumin, and total proteins. Moreover, hematological indices (WBC, LY, MO, GR, RBC, HGB, PLT, HCT) were counted by automated machines. Oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, GSH, GPx, CAT, and SOD) were measured in the ancreas, liver, and kidneys, followed by their histopathological examination. The results from the phytochemical characterization revealed higher ratio of the extraction yields for the aqueous fractions compared to the methanolic ones in both plants. Whereas, methanolic extracts displayed a greater diversity of functional group peaks, as confirmed by FTIR analysis. The TPC and TFC were highest in MES. Moreover, AES and MES exhibited superior antioxidant potential in PPH and FRAP assays, whereas TAC was higher in the AEA and MEA than in those of AES and MES. The administration of STZ induced persistent hyperglycemia, weight loss, elevated transaminases, impaired renal biomarkers, and altered protein and hematological profiles. It also led to oxidative stress, and severe histopathological damage in pancreas, liver, and kidneys. Treatment with MES and the combined aqueous extracts of both plants (COMB) produced the strongest hypoglycemic activity, restoring near- normal glucose levels, attenuating body weight loss, and normalizing creatinine, uric acid, and albumin levels. These treatments also maintained hematological balance, reduced hepatic transaminases, nephroprotective effects, as confirmed by histopathological observations The AES also showed notable hypoglycemic and protective effects against weight loss with partial tissue recovery, while A. halimus extracts particularly AEA exhibited weaker hypoglycemic activity and marked perturbation in hepatic and renal function. In conclusion, S. mollis extracts and COMB demonstrated significant antidiabetic and antioxidant effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Conversely, A. halimus showed limited efficacy under the tested conditions. These findings ighlight S. mollis as a promising candidate for developing plant-based therapies against diabetes and its complications, and underscore the need for prolonged study with advanced analyses to identify the major phytochemicals responsible of the observed effects.